Oxfordski institut razvio vakcinu protiv raka, koristili istu tehnologiju kao i za koronavirus
Istraživači sa Univerziteta u Oxfordu i Ludwigovog instituta za istraživanje raka pokazali su da tehnologija koja stoji iza AstraZeneca vakcine protiv koronavirusa ima potencijal u liječenju raka, a u eksperimentima provedenim na miševima uspjeli su smanjiti tumore i povećati stopu preživljavanja.
Istraživači su osmislili dvije doze terapijske vakcine protiv raka koristeći Oxfordovu tehnologiju vakcine protiv virusnih vektora.
Kada je testirana na modelima tumora miša, vakcina protiv raka je povećala nivo antitumorskih T ćelija koje su infiltrirale tumore i poboljšala efikasnost imunoterapije protiv raka. U poređenju sa samo imunoterapijom, kombinacija s vakcinom pokazala je veće smanjenje veličine tumora i poboljšala preživljavanje miševa.
Kako bi stvorili tretman, naučnici su dizajnirali svoju vakcinu ciljanjem dva proteina tipa MAGE koji su prisutni na površini mnogih vrsta ćelija raka.
“Znali smo da MAGE proteini djeluju poput crvenih zastavica na površini ćelija raka kako bi privukli imunološke stanice koje uništavaju tumore. MAGE proteini imaju prednost u odnosu na druge tumorske antigene jer su prisutni u širokom rasponu tumora”, rekao je za londonski Times Benoit Van den Wyende, profesor tumorske imunologije na Sveučilištu Oxford.
Dodao je da ovo proširuje potencijalnu korist ovog pristupa u liječenju brojnih različitih vrsta raka.
Uspješni rezultati ispitivanja na miševima, objavljeni u časopisu Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer, a koje je proveo Oxford otvorili su put kliničkom testiranju na ljudima koji će obuhvatiti 80 pacijenata koji boluju od raka pluća nemalih stanica.
U sklopu kliničkog eksperimenta, koji bi trebao početi krajem ove godine, pacijenti će dobiti dvije injekcije vakcine razvijenog u Vaccitech Oncology Limited, spin-out kompaniji Instituta Jenner.
“Ova nova platforma za vakcine ima potencijal da revolucionira liječenje raka. Predstojeće ispitivanje karcinoma pluća nemalih ćelija prati ispitivanje faze 2a slične vakcine protiv raka prostate koje je sproveo Univerzitet u Oxfordu, a koje pokazuje obećavajuće rezultate”, rekao je Adrian Hill jedan od koautora istraživanja.
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