Zavod za javno zdravstvo FBiH o sezonskoj gripi: Ugroženi stariji, djeca i hronični bolesnici
Zavod za javno zdravstvo Federacije BiH od početka januara do danas bilježi povećan broj oboljelih od bolesti sličnih gripi. Upozoravaju da su najviše ugroženi stariji ljudi, djeca i osobe s hroničnim oboljenjima.
– U slučaju pojave sezonske gripe i obolijevanja, oni su u najvećem riziku od ozbiljnih komplikacija, koje uključuju upale pluća, upalu srčanog mišića i mozga, koje mogu dovesti do smrti – saopćili su iz Zavoda, dodajući da se do kraja februara može očekivati povećan broj oboljelih, kao u susjednim zemljama, gdje broj osoba zaraženih virusom iz dana u dan raste.
Ozbiljna bolest
Iz Zavoda objašnjavaju da gripa nije obična prehlada, već ozbiljna bolest čiji su osnovni simptomi povišena temperatura, groznica, glavobolja, bol u mišićima, grlobolja i kašalj.
Preporučuju da se ljekaru treba javiti ako temperatura traje duže od četiri do pet dana, ako postoji poremećaj disanja – teško ili ubrzano disanje, potom jak kašalj, bol u prsima ili ako se jave vrtoglavica, povraćanje i proljev, te se pojavi povišena temperatura ponovo, nakon poboljšanja stanja.
Virus gripe, tvrde iz Zavoda, lako se i uobičajeno prenosi s osobe na osobu putem kapljica, kašljanjem ili kihanjem, te zbog visoke zaraznosti i brzog širenja.
Manji rizik
Vakcinaciju preporučuju osobama starijim od 65 godina, oboljelima od hroničnih bolesti kod kojih gripa može izazvati ozbiljne komplikacije, zdravstvenim radnicima i ostalima koji učestvuju u njezi bolesnika te svima koji žele smanjiti rizik od bolesti.
Istaknuto je i da je sezonska gripa virusna zarazna bolest koja se javlja svake godine.
– Gripa je jedan od najznačajnijih uzroka morbiditeta i mortaliteta od zaraznih bolesti. Svake godine oko deset posto evropske populacije zarazi se virusom gripe – kažu iz Zavoda.
Vakcinacija jedina i najučinkovitija mjera prevencije
Iz Zavoda ističu da antibiotici nisu učinkoviti, jer je gripa virusna bolest, te da je vakcinacija jedina i najučinkovitija mjera prevencije gripe i njenih komplikacija.
– Zbog promjena koje se stalno dešavaju kod virusa gripe, sastav vakcine svake se godine mijenja, za svaku hemisferu posebno. Vrijeme za vakcinaciju protiv gripe je u oktobru, odnosno u ranu jesen, prije širenja virusa gripe, s obzirom na to da su potrebne dvije sedmice da se zaštitna antitijela razviju u organizmu – navode iz Zavoda.
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