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Od maja u BiH uvoz samo polovnih automobila s oznakom Euro 5

Prosječna starost vozila u Bosni i Hercegovini je 17 godina, dok je više od 50 posto automobila ispod eko-standarda Evropske unije (EU). Izduvni gasovi automobila uzročnik je, između ostalog, zagađenja vazduha, kojem su izloženi stanovnici većine bh. gradova.

Zbog toga je pokrenuta inicijativa Privredne komore Federacije BiH i dva državna ministarstva da se ograniči uvoz polovnih vozila na Euro 5 standard, a novih na Euro 6. Namjera je, kažu u Ministarstvu transporta i komunikacije BiH, da odluku stupi na snagu 1. maja ove godine, piše Radio Slobodna Evropa. Još prije osam godina ukinuta je odluka o uvozu automobila starijih od sedam godina, a tu odluku trebalo je da prati trend uvođenja euronormi za uvezena vozila. No, prema riječima Harisa Muratovića, predsjednik Udruženja zastupnika i uvoznika novih automobila u BiH, koje je i članica Privredne komore Federacije BiH, nije se radilo kako je trebalo, zato sada postoje posljedice. “Prošle godine je, na primjer, prosjek uvezenih vozila viši od devet godina starosti, sa rekordnim brojem uvezenih polovnih automobila, dakle blizu 67. 500 polovnih automobila, a 10.500 novih.

Taj trend u korist starijih i rabljenih vozila se znatno povećava, a jedan od razloga je taj što zapadne zemlje, naravno, žele da protjeraju ove starije automobile, pogotovo dizele i nalaze tržišta, kao što je tržište Bosne i Hercegovine i ostatka Balkana, kao pogodno tlo da ta stara vozila ovdje nama isporuče. Mi na neki način želimo da se pobrinemo da ta baš stara vozila, ne završe na našem tržištu”, kaže Muratović te napominje da Bosna i Hercegovina već ima najstariji vozni park u Evropi. Posljedice zbog toga trpe svi, jer je vazduh u velikim gradovima Bosne i Hercegovine zagađen i zbog izduvnih gasova motornih vozila. Koliko je zagađenje vazduha velik problem pokazuju i podaci koje je u izvještaju za 2018. godinu objedinila Evropska agencija za zaštitu okoliša (EEA).

Lebdeće čestice prašine u vazduhu do 2,5 mikrometara (PM 2,5) “krive” su za 3.700, a emisije dušikovog oksida (NO2) za 150 prijevremenih smrti u Bosni i Hercegovini. U izvještaju koji obuhvata 41 zemlju Evrope navodi se i da su oštećenje ozonskog omotača i emisije ovog plina izazvale 170 prijevremenih smrti u BiH, navodi se u izvještaju Evropske agencije za zaštitu okoliša. No, pored obećanja da će se raditi na smanjenju zagađenja vazduha iz transporta, ništa još nije urađeno, kaže Muratović.

“Mi smo se obavezali da ćemo do 2020. godine smanjiti uticaj zagađenja iz transporta za deset posto. To je znači ogromno smanjenje kada uzmete podatak da imamo oko milion automobila na cesti. Ono što su pokazale analize koje je radio BIHAMK (Bosanskohercegovački auto-moto klub, prim. nov.) 2016. godine, automobili jesu značaj izvor zagađenja u većim gradovima. Konkretno, za Sarajevo imamo podatke da između 30 i 40 posto zagađenja dolazi zbog automobila.

To je porazna činjenica”, smatra Haris Muratović, predsjednik Udruženja zastupnika i uvoznika novih automobila u BiH. Jedan od načina rješenja ovog problema je uvoz novih, odnosno eko automobila, ali i stimulacija uvoza električnih automobila. “Mi ne tražimo ništa spektakularno, što već nema u zemljama okruženja”, poručuje Muratović. Zato su, kroz djelovanje u Privrednoj komori Federacije BiH, predložili inicijativu ograničavanja uvoza u BiH polovnih vozila na Euro 5 standard, a novih na Euro 6.

Ministarstvo vanjske trgovine i ekonomskih odnosa BiH ih je podržalo, te nadležnim institucijama u BiH uputilo zahtjev za mišljenje i gotovo svi su pozitivno odgovorili. U Ministarstvu transporta i komunikacija kažu da će odluka o ograničenju uvoza polovnih vozila na normu Euro 5, a novih na Euro 6 stupiti na snagu 1. maja ove godine. Posljednja Odluka je na snazi je od 2016. godine, kojom je predviđena mogućnost uvoza polovnih automobila standarda Euro 4.

“Ono što je standard Euro 4 koji je danas na snazi znači da su sva vozila registrovana u EU nekad od 2006. godine, pa do danas. Ispunjavaju uslove kako je to danas predviđeno. Situacija bi se promijenila od 1. maja 2019. godine sa Eko 5 standardom. Obuhvaćena bi bila vozila koja u suštini nisu starija negdje od 2009. godine”, kaže pomoćnik ministra transporta i komunikacije BiH Zoran Andrić. “Ono o čemu posebno vodimo računa”, dodaje Andrić, “je standard stanovništva”.

“Jer imamo problem sa vozilima koja su već registrovana i godinama se koriste na putevima Bosne i Hercegovine”, ističe Andrić, koji ne dijeli mišljenje većine građana da je BiH postala deponija starih vozila iz Evropa. Andrić naglašava da nema preciznih podataka o uticaju zagađenja vazduha zbog izduvnih gasova motornih vozila. Još jedna inicijativa, koja je u vezi sa smanjenjem zagađena zbog motornih vozila, dolazi od vijećnika sarajevske Opštine Centar Edina Abdurahmanovića. Njegov prijedlog Skupštini Kantona Sarajevo je da sva taksi vozila budu električna.

“Znači da se sa proizvođačem dogovore povoljni krediti i da isto tako, Kanton obezbijedi na taksi štandovima utičnice za napajanje i da se to taksistima da za narednih pet godina na korištenje besplatno, a da se nakon toga polako uvodi naplata. U isto vrijeme, treba da polako ministarstva i javne institucije počnu koristiti električne automobile. Tako bi odmah na početku imali 1.500 automobila koji se sklonili iz sadašnjeg sistema”, objašnjava svoju ideju opštinski vijećnik.

Ekonomska moć građana utiče na stanje voznog parka u BiH to je činjenica, a sve to i na zagađenje vazduha u gradovima širom Bosne i Hercegovine. Za profesora sarajevskog Fakulteta za saobraćaj i komunikacije Osmana Lindova, ova odluka nema suštinski značaj, kao ni one ranije odluke o oštrijim mjerama za uvoz polovnih automobila u BiH. “Čini mi se da će to odgovarati ovima što uvoze polovna vozila.

Sada će odmah krenuti prodaja novih vozila, jer čim se nagovijesti nova odluka, ljudi da bi što prije kupili vozilo sa Euro 4 i Euro 3 normom, onda će pohrliti da kupuju. Staće prodaja novih vozila. Mislim da se to radi ad hoc, bez ikakve jasne strategije ili ciljeva smanjenja zagađenja, odnosno uticaja saobraćaja na zagađenje zraka u BiH”, zaključuje Lindov.

(Tuzlanski.ba) |

 

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