Odakle političarima u BiH (ne)prijavljeni milioni?
Vojin Mitrović, zastupnik Saveza nezavisnih socijaldemokrata u Parlamentu Bosne i Hercegovine, našao se na listi najbogatijih parlamentaraca, sa imovinom vrijednom više od dva miliona eura, nakon što je Centralna izborna komisija BiH objavila imovinske kartone bh. zvaničnika.
Od njega je bogatiji u ovoj instituciji još samo Fahrudin Radončić, koji je većinu prijavljene imovine, od skoro dva i po miliona eura, stekao od privatnog biznisa. Na isti je način i Mitrović, kaže, zaradio svoju imovinu.
“Ja sam prikazao ono što smo ja i moja porodica stekli u zadnjih 30 godina radeći privatni biznis. Ja sam to prikazao i nisam prikazao da imam stan u Novom Sadu, a da vrijedi 50.000, nego je prikazan da vrijedi 200.000. A vi pogledajte kako su neki političari u Sarajevu prikazali ili ne znam gdje još. Ja sam pokušao da budem realan i prikažem šta sve imam”, kaže Mitrović za Radio Slobodna Evropa (RSE) i napominje kako je, isto tako, po osnovu kredita dužan više od milion i po eura.
Ko su političari milioneri u BiH?
No, na listi najbogatijih su i oni koji u politiku nisu ušli iz privatnog sektora. Jedan od njih je i Mitrovićev stranački kolega Nikola Špirić. Špirić je prijavio imovinu vrijednu 550.000 eura i već godinama važi za jednog od bogatijih bh. zvaničnika.
Špirić je 2018. godine stavljen na crnu listu Sjedinjenih Američkih Država, zbog, kako navodi State Department, sumnje “da je kao poslanik umiješan u sticanje koristi na osnovu javne korupcije, prihvatanje neprikladnih usluga u zamjenu za njegov rad kao ličnosti na javnoj poziciji sa koje se miješao u javne procese, a sve tokom mandata poslanika Predstavničkog doma”.
Nema kontrole podataka, ni sankcija
I dok u državnom parlamentu nema previše milionera, činjenica je da su brojke relativan pojam, odnosno da ima onih koji svu svoju imovinu nisu prijavili, ocjenjuje za Radio Slobodna Evropa izvršna direktorica Transparency Internationala BiH Ivana Korajlić.
“To što je tamo navedeno nije kompletna slika, niti se navodi kompletno imovinsko stanje, prihodi imovina, stanovi nekretnine i sve ostalo što se posjeduje. Jer, na kraju krajeva, nema nikakve kontrole tačnosti podataka navedenih u imovinskim kartonima”, napominje Korajlić.
Nema kontrole, ali nema ni sankcija, pa je tako kod bosanskohercegovačkih političara hoće li dostaviti podatke o imovinskom stanju, postala proizvoljna kategorija.
Tako na primjer, Dragan Čović, predsjednik Hrvatske demokratske zajednice Bosne i Hercegovine, nije uopšte dostavio podatke, iako se pretpostavlja da je vlasnik milionske imovine.
Imovinski karton je ispunila Elvira Abdić Jelenović, ali nije navela vrijednost nekretnina koje posjeduje u Hrvatskoj, ni firme u Bosni i Hercegovini, pravdajući to time da je sve što je stekla, stekla prije ulaska u politiku. Također se plaši i zloupotrebe podataka.
Istraživanja CIN-a
Centar za istraživačko novinarstvo (CIN) već 11 godina istražuje imovinsko stanje bh. političara, te su utvrdili da brojni imaju u vlasništvu luksuzne nekretnine, ali i da mnogi za njih nemaju finansijsko pokriće, kaže glavni urednik Aladin Abdagić.
“Tako smo pronašli da su gospodin Dragan Čović i njegova porodica vlasnici velikog broja nekretnina koje prelaze milion maraka, a da nisu imali primanje kojima bi opravdali tu kupovinu. To se konkretno odnosi na njegovog punca koji je imao skupocjene nekretnine”, kaže Abdagić.
Neprijavljivanje skupocjenih nekretnina Centar za istraživačko novinarstvo je utvrdio u slučajevima još nekih visokopozicioniranih zvaničnika. Tako su za predsjednika Stranke demokratske akcije Bakira Izetbegovića utvrdili da svojevremeno nije prijavljivao nekretninu u luksuznom sarajevskom naselju Poljine koju je kupio sa suprugom i Šefkijom Okerićem, vlasnikom firme OKI, za 125.000 eura. U posljednjoj prijavi svoju je imovinu Izetbegović procijenio na oko 115.000 eura.
Luksuzne apartmane, vrijedne pet i po miliona eura u Porto Montenegru nije prijavljivao ni lider Saveza za bolju budućnost i osnivač medijske kuće Avaz Fahrudin Radončić, kao ni udio u crnogorskom telekomu u koji je uložio oko milion eura.
Gomilanje nekretnina nakon jednog mandata
Abdagić kaže kako je činjenica da su političari sticali nekretnine nakon što su dolazili na pozicije u vlasti. Iako bi za opravdanje mogli uzeti da su neki od njih već 20 godina na izuzetno plaćenim političkim pozicijama, pa su možda i mogli steći toliku imovinu, Abdagić kaže da istraživanja govore i suprotno.
“Imali smo primjera političara koji kad su krenuli u politiku nisu imali niti jednu nekretninu, niti su imali bilo kakav auto niti ušteđevinu, a onda su se one poslije samo jednog mandata počele gomilati. Tako smo pronalazili da su nakon jednog mandata postajali vlasnici velike ušteđevine na bankovnim računima, pa imaju jedan stan, sljedeći mandat imaju drugi stan, skupocjeno auto…”, navodi Abdagić.
Svoj put u institucije vlasti, da li parlamente ili neke izvršne funkcije, našlo je još mnogo biznismena, a najviše ih je u Parlamentu Federacije Bosne i Hercegovine. Tamo su ujedno i najbogatiji zastupnici.
Tako imovinu od gotovo 30 miliona eura ima zastupnik Azmir Husić, vlasnik i osnivač kompanije Heez transport iz Tuzle.
Suad Kaknjo, potpredsjednik Atletskog saveza Bosne i Hercegovine i vlasnik dvije privatne kompanije, prijavio je imovinu od pet i po miliona eura, a njegov kolega iz zastupničke klupe, također biznismen, Elmedin Voloder gotovo četiri i po miliona eura.
‘Skromnost’ u Predsjedništvu BiH
U poređenju s njima članovi Predsjedništva Bosne i Hercegovine su skromnog imovinskog stanja. Šefik Džaferović prijavio je nešto više 150 hiljada eura, a njegov kolega Željko Komšić oko 70 hiljada.
Milorad Dodik prijavio je vrijednost svoje imovine u iznosu nešto većem od milion eura. U imovinu je uračunao i vilu u Beogradu za koju je kako je naveo, podigao kredit u iznosu od oko 460.000 maraka u Pavlović banci. Mada mu je plata oko 27.000 eura, Dodik je prijavio prihode od oko 123.000 eura, od izdavanja beogradske vile, te poljoprivrede. Kreditno je sa milion eura zadužen i Fahrudin Radončić.
Činjenica je da je politika najunosniji biznis, a u njega ulaze i biznismeni, kako bi kroz veze ostvarili brojne povlastice, navodi Ivana Korajlić iz Transparency Internationala.
“Zato i jeste poželjno zanimanje i zato i svi trče u politiku radi sopstvene koristi, a ne misle da mogu doprinijeti poboljšanju sistema ili bilo čemu drugom. Tako da i ti koji dokaze iz privrede ulaze u politiku kako bi ostvarili dodatnu korist firmama u kojima imaju udio u vlasništvu ili čak kompletno vlasništvo. Imali smo brojne slučajeve koji su ostali bez ikakvih posljedica, jer pravosuđe ne funkcioniše niti imamo zakone o sukobu interesa koji bi ovakvu praksu spriječili”, kaže Korajlić.
Milionera ima i u Narodnoj skupštini Republike Srpske, a među njima se najviše ističu bivši direktor banjalučke Nove banke Milan Radović sa imetkom većim od pet miliona eura, te vlasnik firme Bisprom Miladin Stanić, sa imovinom vrijednom tri miliona i 300.000 eura.
A da se u politici može zaraditi na razne načine, pokazala je i nedavna informacija Ministarstva finansija i trezora Bosne i Hercegovine upućena u Parlament BiH, a nakon poslaničkog pitanja zastupnika Damira Arnauta. U njoj stoji kako je od 2015. godine do danas za naknade članovima upravnih odbora, nadzornih i drugih tijela iz džepa građana u ruke zvaničnika otišlo više od tri miliona eura.
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