Ustavni sud Kosova: Odluka o ograničavanju kretanja građana neustavna
Ustavni sud je odlučio da proglasi nevažećom odluku Vlade Kosova, ali presuda stupa na snagu 13. aprila 2020. godine.
Priština
Razmotrivši zahtev predsednika Kosova Hashima Thacija, Ustavni sud Kosova jednoglasno je odlučio da odluka Vlade Kosova od 23. marta 2020. godine o privremenom ograničavanju kretanja građana u borbi protiv širenja koronavirusa nije ustavna, prenosi Anadolu Agency (AA).
Kako je saopšteno, Ustavni sud je utvrdio da su ograničenja koja sadrži osporena odluka Vlade Kosova u suprotnosti sa garancijama sadržanim u Ustavu Kosova kojima se jasno propisuje da se osnovna prava i slobode garantovane Ustavom, mogu ograničavati samo zakonom.
Ustavni sud je utvrdio da član 56 Ustava (Prava i osnovne slobode tokom vanrednog stanja) nije primenljiv u okolnostima konkretnog slučaja jer se ne radi o „odstupanju“ od osnovnih prava i sloboda. Utvrđeno je da, na osnovu člana 55 Ustava (Ograničenje prava i osnovnih sloboda) ograničenje osnovih prava i sloboda može se izvršiti „samo zakonom“ Skupštine Republike Kosovo.
„Sud naglašava činjenicu da se osporena odluka Vlade Kosova poziva na primenu dva zakona koja ovlašćuju Ministarstvo zdravlja da preduzme mere propisane u tim zakonima u cilju sprečavanja i suzbijanja zaraznih bolesti. Međutim, Sud je konstatovao da ti zakoni, ne ovlašćuju vladu da ograničava ustavna prava i slobode predviđena članovima 35, 36 i 43 Ustava na nivou cele Republike Kosovo i za sve građane Republike Kosovo bez izuzetka“, piše u saopštenju Ustavnog suda Kosova.
Sud je razjasnio da Vlada ne može da ograničava nijedno osnovno pravo i slobodu putem odluka, ako ograničenje tog prava nije predviđeno zakonom Skupštine, te da se ograničenje slobode kretanja može primeniti samo nakon proglašenja vanrednog stanja.
Ustavni sud je odlučio da proglasi nevažećom odluku vlade, kao i da ova presuda stupa na snagu dana 13. aprila 2020. godine.
„Sud je odredio jedan drugi datum stupanja na snagu svoje presude, odnosno 13. april 2020. godine, isključivo i uzimajući u obzir nastale okolnosti proglašenjem pandemije COVID-19 na svetskom nivou, odgovarajuće preporuke zdravstvenih institucija na državnom i svetskom nivou, potencijalne štetne posledice po javno zdravlje usled neposrednog ukidanja ograničenja određenih odlukom Vlade Kosova i zaštitu javnog zdravlja i interesa do sprovođenja ove presude od strane relevantnih institucija Republike Kosovo.
Na kraju, sud takođe naglašava da Ministarstvo zdravlja, odnosno vlada nastavlja da bude ovlašćena da donosi odluke u cilju upravljanja i borbe protiv pandemije, onoliko koliko je ovlašćena Zakonom o sprečavanju i suzbijanju zaraznih bolesti i Zakonom o zdravstvu.
Kosovski predsednik Hashim Thaci obratio se prošle nedelje Ustavnom sudu Kosova od koga je zatražio tumačenje odluke kosovske vlade da ograniči kretanje građana kao preventivnu meru protiv širenja koronavirusa. Predsednik je to saopštio posle odluke vlade da zaustavi kretanje ljudi i privatnih vozila u dva različita vremenska perioda tokom dana, od deset do 16 časova i od 20 do šest sati.
Thaci je, inače, i pre zvaničnog saopštenja Vlade Kosova izjavio da je ovakva odluka vlade kršenje Ustava Kosova jer se ona ne može uvoditi bez uvođenja vanrednog stanja.
Prema njegovim rečima, ovakvu odluku može da donese samo Skupština Kosova. On je rekao da građani nisu u obavezi da ovu odluku poštuju. Thaci je predhodno tražio uvođenje vanrednog stanja, ali je vlada bila protiv.
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